朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis,LCH) 是一种由骨髓细胞肿瘤性增殖引起的罕见疾病,多见于儿童。LCH临床表现多样,以骨骼受累最常见。该文报道了一例儿童颅眶沟通LCH,影像学检查结果提示患儿右侧眉弓处类圆形穿凿样骨质破坏,通过手术切除病灶,送组织病理学检查明确诊断,同时选择通过3D打印聚醚醚酮(polyetheretherketone,PEEK)材料修补颅眶缺损部位,PEEK材料匹配度高、安全性好,改善患儿预后,提升患儿生存质量。
Langerhans cell histiocyte (LCH) is a rare disease caused by the tumor-like proliferation of bone marrow cells, which is mostly seen in children. Its clinical manifestations can be diverse, in which the skeletal system is most involved. This paper reports a case of LCH in cranio-orbital communication of a child. The imaging results suggest that there is a round chisel damage at the patient’s right brow ridge. In terms of definitive diagnosis and treatment, this patient underwent surgical resection and histopathological examination. 3D-printed polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) material was selected to repair the cranio-orbital defect. The material can achieve better biocompatibility, while 3D-printing technique allows higher matching degree, both help to improve the prognosis and quality of life of the patient.
目的:评估远视儿童使用1%阿托品凝胶1周后脉络膜厚度(choroidal thickness,CT)的变化。方法:选择42例4~7岁的远视儿童,予每天使用1%阿托品凝胶两次,持续7d。使用光学相干断层成像扫描测量视网膜及CT,并分析使用1%阿托品凝胶前后中心凹以及距中心凹处间隔1.0 mm的上、下、鼻和颞侧(最多3.0mm)CT的变化。结果:在远视儿童中,基线CT随位置而变化(F=27.08, P<0.05),与中心凹相比,鼻侧及距中心凹上方2 mm、3 mm及距中心凹颞侧3 mm处的CT较薄(P<0.05)。使用1%阿托品凝胶后,中央凹及旁中心凹CT改变比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。使用1%阿托品凝胶前后视网膜厚度无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论:短期使用1%阿托品凝胶并没有改变远视儿童的脉络膜和视网膜厚度。
Objective: To assess changes of choroidal thickness (CT) in hyperopia children after 1 week using of 1% atropine.Methods: A total of 42 hyperopia children aged 4–7 years were included into the study.A single drop of 1% atropinegel was used twice a daily for 7 days in the subjects.The thickness of retina and choroid was measured by OCT, and the changes before and after using 1% atropine gel were analyzed at the subfovea and at 1.0 mm intervals (up to3.0 mm) from the fovea at superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal locations. Results: In the hyperopia children, baselineCT parameters were varied with the location(F=27.08,P<0.05).Compared with the fovea, the CT at the nasal side,2 mm and 3 mm above the fovea and 3 mm from the temporal side of the fovea were thinner (P<0.05).After using 1%atropine gel, there was no significant difference in the CT changes of subfoveal choroidal thickness and other sites ofparafovea (P> 0.05). There was no significant change in retinal thickness before and after using 1% atropine gel (P > 0.05).Conclusion: No changes were found in the thickness of choroid and retina in hyperopia children after short-term use of1% atropine gel.
目的:探讨一种改良的简便的儿童晶状体不全脱位摘除技术的手术方法及临床效果。方法:对23例(40眼)晶状体不全脱位儿童采用改良手术方法进行脱位晶状体摘除,术中先做巩膜隧道切口,3个角膜缘穿刺口,经穿刺口放置前房维持器,在维持前房灌注下,截囊针撕囊,水分离后抽吸针头吸净晶状体内容物。撤去前房维持器,用撕囊镊和线镊将囊袋从主切口拖出。若有玻璃体脱出则行前部玻璃体切除术,然后行人工晶状体巩膜缝线固定术。术后中位随访39.0个月,观察其手术效果。结果:术后患儿平均裸眼视力为(0.44±0.22)LogMAR,平均最佳矫正视力为(0.20±0.16)LogMAR,较术前均显著提高(P<0.001)。所有患儿术中眼内压稳定,术中术后没有继发视网膜脱离、脉络膜上腔出血等眼底并发症的发生。结论:改良的儿童晶状体不全脱位摘除技术具有对玻璃体扰动少、手术时间较短、简便易学、对手术设备要求低的优点,值得临床推广。
Objective: To investigate the operation method and clinical effects of a modified-simple technique in children with subluxated lens extraction. Methods: Lens extraction was performed in 40 eyes of 23 children. During operation, the scleral tunnel and 3 lateral corneal incision were made, and anterior chamber maintainer was inserted through one corneal incision. Under stable anterior chamber perfusion, anterior capsulorrhexis was made by needle capsulotome. After hydro-dissection, the content of lens was withdrawn by suction needle completely. Then anterior chamber maintainer was removed, and the capsular bag was dragged out by capsulorhexis forceps and fixation forceps. Anterior vitrectomy was performed if there was prolapse of vitreous. Then scleral intraocular lens fixation was performed. The surgical effects were observed at median 39.0 months postoperative. Results: After surgery, the average uncorrected visual acuity was (0.44±0.22) LogMAR, the average best corrected distant visual acuity was (0.20±0.16) LogMAR. The uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected distant visual acuity were improved postoperative(P<0.001). The intraocular pressure of all patients was stable during operation. During and after operation, there were no fundus complications, such as secondary retinal detachment and suprachoroidal hemorrhage. Conclusion: Modified-simple technique of subluxated lens extraction of children has little disturbance on vitreous and takes shorter time of operation. It is simple, easy to learn and requires simple surgical equipment. This modified technique deserves to be generalized.
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文
目的:观察学龄儿童的近视进展情况,分析近视进展的危险因素。方法:于2014年纳入温州2所小学二、三年级近视儿童,每年随访1次,直至小学毕业。检查内容包括非睫状肌麻痹主觉验光、双眼视功能检查(隐斜、调节性集合/调节、正负相对调节、正负融像性聚散)和问卷调查。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析近视进展速度的危险因素。结果:共纳入152名近视儿童[年龄7~9岁,95名(62.5%)男性],初始屈光度为?1.30±0.95屈光度(diopter,D),年近视进展量为?0.68±0.35 D。回归分析表明:与慢速组相比(年近视进展量>?0.50 D),中速组(?1.00 D<年近视进展量≤?0.50 D)与快速组(年近视进展量≤?1.00 D)中初始屈光度≤?1.00 D的儿童占比更大(中速组:OR=3.51,P=0.003;快速组:OR=3.29,P=0.044),快速组中女性占比更大(OR=4.52,P=0.012),基线双眼视功能参数在不同组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:学龄儿童近视进展速度与性别、初始屈光度相关,与基线双眼视功能无关。女孩、初始近视程度大(7~9岁时,屈光度≤?1.00 D)的儿童近视进展快。
摘要英文