目的：评价StarEyes 900(万灵帮桥，中国)与IOLMaster 500(蔡司，德国)2种眼科光学生物测量仪测量健康受试者眼部参数的差异性、相关性及一致性。方法：前瞻性观察2021年6月至7月于中山大学中山眼科中心进行眼部检查的62例健康受试者共124只眼，分别通过StarEyes 900与IOLMaster 500完成眼轴长度(axial length，AL)、最小角膜屈光力径线上角膜曲率(keratometry for the flattest meridian，Kf)、最大角膜屈光力径线上角膜曲率(keratometry for the steepest meridian，Ks)、平均角膜曲率(mean keratometry，Km)、角膜白到白直径(white-to-white corneal diameter，WTW)等参数的测量，采用配对t检验、Pearson相关分析和Bland-Altman法对其测量结果的差异进行评价。结果：StarEyes 900与IOLMaster 500测量的AL分别为(24.18±1.08) mm和(24.16±1.08) mm；Kf分别为(42.84±1.65) D和(43.04±1.57) D；Ks分别为(44.34±1.90) D和(44.17±1.80) D；Km分别为(43.59±1.73) D和(43.61±1.64) D；WTW分别为(11.64±0.29) mm和(11.64±0.30) mm。StarEyes 900与IOLMaster 500在测量Km、WTW时，其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，而在AL、Kf、Ks的测量上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中StarEyes 900所测的AL和Ks值大于IOLMaster 500，而Kf、Km和WTW值则小于IOLMaster 500。经Pearson相关分析，2种仪器的测量结果均表现出较高的相关性；经Bland-Altman法评价，2种仪器的测量结果均表现出较高的一致性。结论：StarEyes 900与IOLMaster 500测量的Km、WTW均表现出较高的一致性，2种方法可互为参考；测量的AL、Kf、Ks存在的差异具有统计学意义；各项参数的测量均具有较好的相关性和一致性。
Objective: To evaluate the difference, correlation and agreement of eye parameters measured by StarEyes 900 visual function analyzer (Wan Ling Bang Qiao, China) and IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss, Germany) swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer. Methods: A prospective study was designed involving 62 healthy subjects (124 eyes) undergoing ophthalmic examinations in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from June 2021 to July 2021. Data from their both eyes were selected for analysis in all patients. Axial length (AL), keratometry for the steepest meridian (Ks), keratometry for the flattest meridian (Kf), mean keratometry (Km) and corneal diameter (WTW) were measured by the StarEyes 900 visual function analyzer and IOLMaster 500 swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer. A paired t-test was used to analyze the differences in measurement results. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation. Bland-Airman method was used to assess the agreement of the instruments. Results: The AL, Kf, Ks, Km and WTW obtained by StarEyes 900 and IOLMaster 500 were (24.18±1.08) mm and (24.16±1.08) mm, (42.84±1.65) D and (43.04±1.57) D, (44.34±1.90) D and (44.17±1.80) D, (43.59±1.73) D and (43.61±1.64) D, and (11.64±0.29) mm and (11.64±0.30) mm, respectively. The Km and WTW of the two devices showed no significant difference (P>0.05), while the AL, Ks and Kf showed significant differences (all P<0.01). The AL and Ks obtained by StarEyes 900 were higher than by IOLMaster 500, while the Kf, Km and WTW were lower. The measurements of five aforementioned biometric parameters by both devices showed good correlation by Pearson correlation coefficient and good agreement by Bland-Airman. Conclusion: The Km and WTW measured by the two devices showed no significant difference, and provided references to one another. The difference in AL, Kf and Ks between the two devices showed significant differences. All of the measurements showed good correlation by Pearson correlation coefficient and good agreement by Bland-Airman.
目的：分析高度近视有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术后孔源性视网膜脱离的临床特征及预后。方法：回顾分析2012年4月至2021年6月中山眼科中心收治的9例(9只眼)行后房型人工晶状体植入术后孔源性视网膜脱离患者的临床特征、手术方式及疗效，随访(4.96±4.78)个月。结果：患者年龄(30.44±20.11)岁，屈光手术至发病时间(32.10±17.80)个月。4例(44.4%)马蹄形裂孔，1例(11.1%)萎缩性裂孔，4例(44.4%)巨大裂孔；9眼裂孔均位于赤道部前，除2眼(22.2%)为单个巨大裂孔，1眼(11.1%)单个马蹄孔，余6眼(66.7%)均有视网膜周边变性区存在；视网膜脱离范围(3.0±1.12)个象限，8例累及黄斑；增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变C级以上4眼。视网膜初始复位率为77.8%，最终视网膜复位率100%。末次随访最佳矫正视力优于术前(P<0.05)。随访期间，2例硅油填充眼发生并发性白内障，4眼发生术后早期高眼压。结论：有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术前存在的视网膜变性或术后玻璃体牵引的存在可能是孔源性视网膜脱离发生的危险因素。
Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in patients with high-myopia corrected by posterior chamber phakic (PCP) intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods: Nine eyes of 9 patients in whom RRD developed after PCPIOL implantation from April 2012 to June 2021 in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center were retrospectively studied. Mean follow-up after retinal detachment surgery was (4.96±4.78)months. Results: Mean patient age was (30.44±20.11) years old. RRD occurred (32.10±17.80) months after PCPIOL implantation. Four (44.4%) breaks were horseshoe tear, 1 (11.1%) was atrophic hole and 4 participants (44.4%) had a giant retinal tear. Nine cases had causative breaks located anterior to the equator while peripheral retina lattice degeneration was found in 6 eyes. RRD extended from 1 to 4 quadrants (3.0±1.12 quadrants) and 8 cases were macula-off retinal detachments. Four eyes’ proliferative vitreoretinopathy were more severe than level C. Initial reattachment rate was 77.80%. Final retinal reattachment was 100%. Final follow-up BCVA was significantly better than baseline (P<0.05). Furthermore, concurrent cataract occurred in 2 eyes in which silicone oil was used as tamponade. Ocular hypertension was detected in 4 eyes after surgery. Conclusion: The existed lattice degeneration and postoperative vitreous traction may be risk factors for RRD after PCPIOL implantation.
本洗眼车功能齐全，也可通过调整位置，满足对同一治疗室内不同治疗椅上的患者进行眼部清洗；同时，避免医护人员操作过程中的频繁转身和走动，节省时间和体力。
We have developed an eyewash cart which is fully functional and meets the needs of eye cleaning for patients on different treatment chairs by adjusting the position of the eyewash cart in the same treatment room. At the same time, this eyewash cart can avoid frequent turning and walk of medical staffs during operation, so as to save their time and energy.
眼睛是人体最重要的感觉器官之一，主要由角膜和晶状体构成的屈光系统和视网膜构成的视觉神经系统2个部分构成。眼睛各组织的发育和功能异常都可影响视功能，甚至致盲。现有的致盲眼病的治疗方式均存在各自瓶颈问题，新的诊治方法亟待开发。近年来，得益于干细胞和组织工程学的发展，结合现有眼各组织的发育理论知识，研究者们利用多种来源的干细胞在体外成功诱导出具有组织特异结构和功能的眼类器官。眼类器官研究为利用干细胞研究眼组织发育和眼病发病机制、药物筛选以及替代治疗创造了新机遇，将干细胞治疗眼病的转化研究推向了一个更高平台。本文将对现有眼类器官的技术发展及应用进行综述。
Being one of the most important sensory organs, the eye is composed of the cornea, the lens, which are responsible for refraction, and the retina, which is the neural sensory part of the eye. Various kinds of developmental abnormalities and functional defects could lead to visual dysfunctions, and even blindness. Current treatments for blindness-causing eye diseases all have their own limitations, awaiting new efficient diagnostic and treating methods. Thanks to the development in stem cell biology and bioengineering, taking advantage of the rich knowledge accumulated on the mechanisms governing eye development, researchers have successfully generated various ocular organoids using multiple sources of stem cells in vitro, which resemble their counterparts in vivo on both the structural level and functional level. Ocular organoids provide valuable material and models for studying eye development, pathology, drug screening, and cell replacement therapy, pushing translational studies of ocular stem cell to a new era. Here, the paper reviews the development and application of ocular organoid technologies.
临床上儿童外眦部肿物合并眼睑畸形及结膜肿物少见，需在切除眼睑、结膜肿物的同时，灵活处置眼睑整复。本文回顾2例就诊于北京儿童医院的先天性外眦肿物合并眼睑缺损的病例。术后病理示皮赘伴结膜皮样脂肪瘤。患儿眼睑肿物切除彻底，眼睑整复后外观满意。
Lateral canthus mass with eyelid deformity and conjunctival mass is rare in children. The eyelid reduction should be handled flexibly while the mass is removed. Two cases of congenital lateral canthus with eyelid coloboma were reviewed in Beijing Children’s Hospital. Postoperative pathology showed fibroepithelial polyp and conjunctival dermolipoma. The eyelid masses of the child were completely excised, and the appearance was satisfactory after eyelid reduction.
干眼是一种临床常见慢性眼表疾病。它不仅能引发患者眼部不适及损害，还易导致患者出现心理障碍。目前最常见的干眼相关心理障碍主要为焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍。干眼病情的缓解，不仅需要针对干眼本身的积极治疗，还需要患者保持健康的心理状态。因此，应该关注干眼相关焦虑、抑郁等心理障碍的发病机制及预防、治疗措施。
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common chronic ocular surface disease. It can not only cause discomfort and damage to the eyes but also easily lead to psychological disorders in patients. The most common psychological disorders related to DED are anxiety, depression and sleep disorder. To alleviate the condition of DED, in addition to active treatment for DED itself, it is also necessary for the patients to maintain a healthy psychological state. Therefore, attention should be paid to the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment measures of DED-related anxiety, depression and other psychological disorders.
目的：观察盐酸艾司氯胺酮联合丙泊酚在小儿眼睑肿物刮除术中的临床应用效果，评价盐酸艾司氯胺酮联合丙泊酚在小儿眼睑肿物刮除术麻醉中的有效性和安全性。方法：选择2020年11月至2021年7月在佛山市第二人民医院择期行眼睑肿物刮除术的70例患儿，随机分为A组和B组，每组35例。A组采用七氟烷联合丙泊酚复合麻醉，B组采用盐酸艾司氯胺酮联合丙泊酚复合麻醉。记录两组患儿诱导时间、手术时间、苏醒时间、复苏总时间；监测麻醉前、麻醉后5 min、手术开始前、手术结束后患儿血流动力学及呼吸频率变化；记录两组患儿苏醒后即刻、返回病房即刻的东安大略儿童医院疼痛评分量表(Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale，CHEOPS)疼痛评分、躁动评分、恶心呕吐评分。结果：两组患儿麻醉诱导时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；两组患儿麻醉过程中血流动力学水平、呼吸频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；B组患儿苏醒时间、复苏总时间均明显低于A组(P<0.05)；B组患儿苏醒后即刻及返回病房即刻CHEOPS疼痛评分、躁动评分、恶心呕吐评分均明显低于A组(P<0.05)。另外，B组患儿术后出现恶心呕吐概率低于A组(P<0.05)。结论：盐酸艾司氯胺酮联合丙泊酚应用于小儿眼睑肿物刮除术麻醉，能提供良好麻醉镇痛效果，降低躁动反应和恶心呕吐的发生
Objective: To investigate the anesthetic effect and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination application of esketamine and propofol in curettage of eyelid tumors of children. Methods: This study selected 70 children who underwent elective eyelid tumor curettage in Foshan Second People’s Hospital from November 2020 to July 2021. They were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 35 cases in each group. Patients in Group A were anesthetized with sevoflurane combined with propofol. Patients in Group B were anesthetized with esketamine combined with propofol. The anesthetic induction time, operation time, recovery time and total recovery time of the two groups were recorded. The haemodynamics and respiratory frequency changes of patients were being monitored before anesthesia, 5 minutes after anesthesia, before the operation and after the operation. The scores of Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) pain, agitation and nausea and vomiting were recorded immediately after the patients awakened and were sent back to the ward. Results: There was no significant difference in anesthesia induction time between the two groups (P>0.05). There was also no significant difference in the haemodynamics and respiratory frequency changes during the anaesthetic process between the two groups (P>0.05). The recovery time and total recovery time in group B were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.05). The scores of CHEOPS pain, agitation and nausea and vomiting in group B were significantly lower than those in group A immediately after the patients awakened and were sent back to the ward (P<0.05). Besides, the probability of nausea and vomiting after curettage of eyelid tumors was lower in group B than in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combination application of esketamine and propofol in curettage of eyelid tumors of children can provide good anesthetic and analgesic effect and reduce the occurrence of restlessness, nausea and vomiting.
近年来人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)技术在医学领域的应用发展迅猛，尤其在眼科领域，成果显著，极大地提高了相关影像数据的诊断效率，推动了该领域研究的进展。然而，大多数AI的应用都集中于成人眼病，在婴幼儿眼病方向的研究较少。究其原因，可能是婴幼儿眼部影像数据采集配合度低，部分影像设备应用受限，且相关领域专业眼科医生数量匮乏。然而，婴幼儿期是视觉发育最重要的阶段，也是出生缺陷早期筛防诊治的重灾区，对患儿的视觉发展具有长远且重要的影响，亟需AI相关产品提高婴幼儿眼病筛查效率，缓解医疗资源不足的现状。本文将对近年AI在婴幼儿眼病领域的研究应用现状、进展及存在的相关问题进行综述。
In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, especially in ophthalmology, has developed rapidly with remarkable results. This has greatly improved the diagnostic efficiency of relevant imaging data and promoted further research in this field. However, most applications of AI are focused on adult eye diseases, and few studies have addressed infantile eye diseases. This may be because of the non-cooperative nature of infants, the limited availability of imaging equipment in infants, and the lack of pediatric ophthalmologists. Infancy is the most important stage of vision development. Disturbance during this period have a profound and lasting influence on vision development. Hence, early screening, diagnosis, and treatment of birth defects is important. AI-related products, which improves the efficacy of infant eye disease screening, are urgently needed. This paper reviews the current status, progress, and existing problems of recent research related to application of AI in infantile eye diseases.
目的：分析临床应用镜下改良眼轮匝肌手术治疗儿童先天性下睑内翻的效果。方法：回顾性分析安康市中医医院2年期间，应用镜下改良眼轮匝肌手术治疗61例(112眼)儿童先天性下睑内翻，根据睑内翻程度决定缝线跨度、松紧度及去除肌皮瓣量，0/6缝线将睑缘下眼轮匝肌与下睑缩肌缝合，0/8缝线连续缝合皮肤伤口，并做好术后护理。结果：所有患儿随访6~24个月，刺激症状缓解，106眼治愈，2眼好转，4眼复发，总有效率达96.43%。结论：镜下改良眼轮匝肌手术治疗儿童先天性下睑内翻美观、易操作、复发率低。
Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of modified orbicularis oculi surgery under microscope in the treatment of congenital lower eyelid entropion of children. Methods: Sixty-one cases (112 eyes) of children with congenital lower eyelid entropion treated by modified orbicularis oculi surgery in Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Aug 2020 to Sep 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The suture span, tightness and the amount of myocutaneous flap removed were determined according to the degree of entropion. The orbicularis oculi muscle of lower eyelid margin was suturedwith 0/6 suture, and the skin wound was sutured continuously with 0/8 suture, and postoperative nursing was done well. Results: All children were followed up for 6–24 months, and the irritation symptoms were relieved, 106 eyes were cured, 2 eyes turned well, and 4 eyes relapsed. The total effective ratereached 96.43%. Conclusion: The modified orbicularis oculi surgery for treatment of children with congenital lower eyelid entropion conforms to visual aesthetics. In addition, it is easy to operate and have a low recurrence rate.
目的：调查干眼在郑州市机关工作者中的患病情况，分析相关危险因素，为有效防治干眼提供科学依据。方法：选取2019年9月到2020年9月在郑州大学第一附属医院体检的郑州市机关工作者873例。采用自行设计的一般资料问卷和OCULUS Jenvis-OSDI干眼问卷进行调查，记录评分结果，同时检查记录裂隙灯、角膜荧光素染色评分(corneal fluorescein staining score，FL)、基础泪液分泌实验(Schimier I test，SIT)、泪膜破裂时间(tear break-up time，BUT)测定结果。统计分析机关工作者干眼患病率与危险因素。结果：体检的873例郑州市机关工作者中360例诊断为干眼，干眼总患病率为41.24%，女性患病率(44.62%)明显高于男性(36.26%)，差异有统计学意义(P=0.014)。干眼问卷OSDI评分与FL评分呈正相关，BUT与SIT呈正相关，OSDI(和FL评分)与BUT(和SIT)呈负相关。Logistics多因素分析表明：干眼家族史、绝经、曾行眼部手术、滴眼液使用情况、长时间佩戴角膜接触镜、长时间操作视频终端、睡眠不足、糖尿病史是机关工作者干眼患病的危险因素(均P<0.05)，而饮酒是保护因素(P=0.001)。结论：机关工作者干眼患病率较高，危险因素囊括家族患干眼史、绝经、曾行眼部手术、滴眼液使用情况、长时间佩戴角膜接触镜、长时间操作视频终端、睡眠不足、糖尿病病史。加强干眼防治的宣传教育，针对不同危险因素提供眼健康指导并进行防控治疗，保护机关工作者的眼健康。
Objective: To investigate and analyze the prevalence of dry eyes in Zhengzhou office workers, and identify the related risk factors in order to provide evidence for effective prevention and treatment. Methods: We selected 873 cases of Zhengzhou office workers who had checkup in our hospital from September 2019 to September 2020 as the research subjects. They were investigated with self-designed general information questionnaire and OCULUS Jenvis-OSDI dry eye questionnaire and scores of the questionnaires will be assessed. At the same time,they underwent dry-eye-related inspections such as slit lamp examination, corneal fluorescein staining score (FL), Schimier I test (SIT) and tear break-up time (BUT) assessment. The prevalence and risk factors of dry eyes in these office workers were statistically analyzed. Results: Among 873 Zhengzhou office workers, 360 cases were diagnosed as dry eyes, and the total prevalence of dry eye was 41.24%. The female prevalence rate was 44.62%, which was significantly higher than that of male (36.26%, P=0.014). OSDI scores and FL scores were positively correlation as well as BUT and SIT, while OSDI (and FL) and BUT (and SIT) were negatively correlation. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that dry eyes family history, menopause, ocular surgery history, eye drops using, long time corneal contact lenses wearing, long time video terminal operating, lack of sleep and diabetes history were independent risk factors in office workers’ dry eye disease (all P<0.05), while drinking was protective factor (P=0.001). Conclusion: The dry eyes prevalence is high among office workers. The risk factors include dry eye family history, menopause, ocular surgery history, eye drops using, long time corneal contact lenses wearing, long time video terminal operating, lack of sleep and diabetes history. We should strengthen the publicity and education of the dry eye prevention and treatment, provide eye health guidance, prevention and treatment according to different risk factors, and protect the office workers’ eye health.
