随着角膜疾病治疗技术的不断进步，前弹力层移植技术(包括Inlay和Onlay技术)已成为晚期圆锥角膜治疗的重要手段，能有效改善患者的角膜地形图和视力结果，稳定角膜扩张，提高患者的生活质量。该文综述了前弹力层移植技术的理论基础、移植物的来源与制备技术、手术技术、临床疗效以及相关并发症，为晚期圆锥角膜的治疗提供了新的视角。研究表明，这种先进的移植技术相较于传统方法，在减少手术风险、简化手术流程以及加快术后恢复方面具有明显优势，特别是在降低异体移植物排斥反应及手术并发症的风险上，前弹力层移植表现出色。Onlay技术作为一种近期开发的新方法，其独特优势是无需剖离角膜，更好地保护角膜结构。此外这种技术的高度适应性和可逆性，为患者提供了更多的治疗选择和更好的视觉恢复。尽管如此，技术细节如移植物的尺寸和形状定制、手术深度的最优化等方面仍需进一步研究和优化，以提高整体治疗效果。

With the continuous advancement of corneal disease treatment technology, Bowman layer transplantation (including Inlay and Onlay technology) has become an important means for the treatment of advanced progressive keratoconus, which can effectively improve the corneal topography and visual acuity of patients, stabilize corneal dilation, and improve the quality of life of patients. Tis article reviews the theoretical basis of Bowman layer transplantation, the source and preparation of grafs, surgical techniques, clinical efcacy, and related complications, which provides a new perspective for the treatment of advanced keratoconus. It is stated in the research that this advanced transplantation technique has significant advantages over traditional methods in reducing surgical risks, simplifying the surgical procedures, and improving postoperative recovery. Especially in reducing the risk of allograft rejection and surgical complications, the bowman layer transplantation performs excellently. As a novel developed method, Onlay technology has the unique advantage of eliminating the need to dissect the cornea, which beter protects the corneal structure. In addition, due to the highly adaptable and reversible nature of this technique, it provides patients with more treatment options and beter visual recovery. However, in terms of technical details such as customizing the size and shape of the transplant, optimizing the surgical depth, etc., it is needed to conduct further research and optimization to improve the overall treatment efect.

霜样树枝状视网膜血管炎是一种少见的急性视网膜血管炎，多发生于健康青少年，病因不明，可能与病毒感染有关，糖皮质激素治疗有效，预后良好；也可继发于感染性疾病和全身疾病，预后较差。该文回顾了一例继发于异基因造血干细胞移植后的霜样树枝状视网膜血管炎，治疗后病情缓解，预后良好。

Frosted branch angiitis (FBA) is a rare acute retinal vasculitis which often occurs in healthy adolescents. The etiology of FBA is unknown, but its occurrence may be related to viral infection, glucocorticoid therapy is effective and has a good prognosis. FBA may also be secondary to infectious and systemic diseaseswith poor prognosis. In this paper, we reviewed a case of FBA secondary to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which was relieved after treatment and had a good prognosis.

真菌性角膜炎是我国导致角膜盲的重要原因之一。由于部分患者在感染早期缺乏合理治疗，导致病情迁延难治，最终行角膜移植是主要的治疗手段。然而真菌感染十分顽固，术后仍有一定概率复发。因此，了解真菌性角膜炎的最新研究进展以及不同类型抗真菌药物和角膜移植手术的优劣，根据适应证选择合理的治疗方案，才能最大程度控制感染，降低真菌复发率，挽救患者视力。与此同时，对角膜移植后真菌复发的相关文献进行研究，总结其复发规律、影响因素和临床特征以及治疗手段和预后。为制订合理的、符合国情的治疗策略提供参考依据。

Fungal keratitis is one of the important causes of corneal blindness in China. Due to the lack of reasonable treatment for some patients in the early stage of infection, the disease is protracted and refractory, and eventually, corneal transplantation is the main treatment. However, Fungal keratitis infection is very stubborn, and there is still a certain probability of recurrence after surgery. Therefore, understanding the latest research advances in fungal keratitis as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different types of antifungal drugs and corneal transplantation, and choosing a reasonable treatment plan according to the indications can maximize the control of the infection, reduce the recurrence rate of the fungus and save the vision of patients. In addition, the relevant literature on fungal recurrence after corneal transplantation was studied to summarize its recurrence pattern, influencing factors and clinical features, as well as treatment means and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference basis for formulating a reasonable treatment strategy in line with China’s national conditions.

[摘　要] 目的：减轻行角膜移植术的患儿及家属的心理负担，提高患儿对手术的耐受性，减少术后并发症。方法：对45例将进行角膜移植的患儿进行围手术期护理。结果：所有患儿经过精心的治疗和护理后均恢复良好，视力均有提高。结论：术前做好充足的准备、术前心理护理，术后严密观察生命体征和眼部敷料的情况，做好相关的生活和饮食指导，遵医嘱及时有效用药，注意患儿异常的反应及眼部的情况，及时发现并处理并发症，给予细致的出院指导，有利于患儿早日康复。

Abstract Objective: To reduce the psychological burden of the children and families who are scheduled to the corneal transplantation, and to improve the patients’ tolerance and reduce postoperative complications. Methods: The perioperative care was given to 45 patients with corneal transplantation. Results: All children were treated well by careful treatment and care. Conclusion: Before operation, comprehensive preparation and psychological nursing care should be delivered. After operation, the physicians and nurses should guide the patients to live a healthy lifestyle, remind them to take the drugs timely, identify the abnormal symptoms and postoperative complications in children with abnormal responses, implement effective treatment timely to accelerate postoperative recovery