Retinal microcirculation shares similar features with cerebral small blood vessels. Thus, the retina may be considered as an accessible ‘window’ to detect the microvascular damage occurred during the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging modality providing in-depth and high-resolved images of blood flow in the retina, choroid,and optic nerve. In this review, we summarize the current advances in the application of OCT-A in neurological diseases associated with ophthalmology such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and optic nerve degenerative diseases. Future directions for evaluating whether OCTA can be used as an important tool to early diagnose and monitor the neurodegenerative disorders are also discussed.
