目的：回顾性分析以双眼复视为主要症状患者的病因及临床特点。方法：总结2021年1月至2022年3月就诊于潍坊医学院附属医院神经眼科的双眼复视患者的临床资料，分析其病因及临床特点。结果：共29例患者，男16例，女13例，年龄17岁～81岁，平均(59±14)岁；其中血管性因素8例，包括脑血管病5例，后交通动脉瘤2例，核间性眼肌麻痹1例；炎症、免疫性因素8例，包括重症肌无力4例，Tolosa-Hunt综合征2例，肥厚性硬脑膜炎1例，炎性假瘤1例；内分泌因素9例，包括糖尿病外周神经病变5例，甲状腺相关眼病4例；肿瘤2例，包括动眼神经鞘瘤1例，眼眶MALT淋巴瘤1例，外伤2例。结论：双眼复视的病因复杂，临床医生应重视筛查全身疾病，参照先定位，后定性原则，提高诊断正确率、减少误诊率。

Objective: The etiology and clinical characteristics of patients with binocular diplopia as main symptom were investigated using retrospective analysis method. Methods: The clinical data of patients with binocular diplopia treated in department of ophthalmolog y, affiliated hospital of Weifang Medical University from January 2021 to March 2022 was summarized and the etiology and clinical characteristics retrospectively. Results: There were totally 29 patients, 16 males and 13 females, aged from 17 to 81 years, with an average of (59 ± 14) years; among them, there were 8 cases derived from vascular factors, including 5 cases with cerebrovascular disease, 2 cases with posterior communicating artery aneurysm and 1 case with internuclear ophthalmoplegia. There were 8 cases derived from inflammatory and immune factors, including 4 cases with myasthenia gravis, 2 cases with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, 1 case with hypertrophic meningitis and 1 case with inflammatory pseudotumor. There were 9 cases derived from endocrine factors, including 5 cases with peripheral neuropathy in diabetes and 4 cases with thyroid related ophthalmopathy. There were 2 cases derived from tumors, including 1 case with oculomotor schwannoma, 1 case with orbital MALT lymphoma and there were 2 other cases of trauma. Conclusions: The etiology of binocular diplopia is complicated and the clinicians should pay attention to the screening of systemic diseases of patients refer to the principle of localization diagnosis first and qualitative analysis next so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.