干眼是指以泪膜稳态失衡为主要特征并伴有眼部不适症状的多因素眼表疾病。目前干眼的主要治疗手段包括药物治疗(人工泪液替代疗法、抗炎治疗、免疫抑制治疗)和必要时的手术干预治疗。地夸磷索四钠属于P2Y2受体激动剂，是一种治疗干眼的新型药物。它通过刺激位于眼表组织的P2Y2受体，促进泪液、黏液、脂质分泌，增强泪膜稳定性，从而改善干眼的症状和体征。
Dry eye refers to a series of chronic and progressive ocular surface diseases characterized by imbalanced tear film accompanied with ocular discomfort symptoms. The available methods mainly include pharmacotherapy (artificial tears replacement, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive therapy) and ophthalmic surgery. P2Y2 receptor agonist is a novel pharmaceutical agent for dry eye treatment, which could stimulate tear fluid secretion and mucin secretion through binding with P2Y2 receptors on the ocular surface, so that improve tear film stability and alleviate symptoms of dry eye. 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution is the only P2Y2 receptor agonist available for dry eye.
干眼是以泪膜稳态丢失及伴随眼部不适症状为特征的最常见眼表疾病，泪膜不稳定、泪液高渗透性、眼表炎症及感觉神经异常为其主要病因。地夸磷索钠是一种P2Y2受体激动剂，能刺激黏蛋白及泪液分泌，其独特的作用机制为干眼的治疗开辟了新的方向，本文就地夸磷索钠近年的临床及基础研究进展作一综述。
Dry eye is one of the most common ocular surface diseases. It is characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms, in which tear film instability and tear hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation, and neurosensory abnormalities play major etiological roles. Diquafosol tetrasodium is a purinergic P2Y2 receptor agonist that promotes mucin and aqueous tear secretion. The unique pharmacological mechanism of diquafosol tetrasodium opens up a new direction for the medical therapies of dry eye. This article reviews the clinical therapeutic effect and research progress of diquafosol tetrasodium for the past few years.
