木村病(Kimura disease，KD)是一种罕见的、病因不明的、可能由免疫介导的慢性进行性炎症性疾病。本文分析1例8岁的男性患者，因左眼无痛性上睑下垂、影像学提示双眼泪腺占位、血象提示嗜酸性粒细胞及免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulinE，IgE)水平升高、病理提示大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润，被最终诊断为累及双侧泪腺的KD。行左眼眶肿物切除术后，对患者随访6个月期间未见复发。

Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic progressive inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that may be immunemediated. Herein, we analyze an 8-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with painless ptosis in the left eye, double tear glands on imaging, elevated levels of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E (IgE) on blood, and massive eosinophil infiltration on pathology. The final diagnosis was Kimura disease involving bilateral lacrimal glands. After resection of the left orbital tumor, no recurrence was observed in the six months postoperation follow-up

目的：研究“中山眼鼻相关疾病·内镜论坛”的培训效果及其影响因素。方法：采用调取平台数据和调查问卷的方法，研究2020年6月至2022年5月16期“中山眼鼻相关疾病·内镜论坛”的参与人员情况和培训效果反馈，并分析专业、职称、地域等因素对培训效果的影响。结果：学员合计7889人，27634人次，以副主任医师30.2%(2382人)和主治医师32.9%(2597人)为主。参与学员人数从第1期的269人，逐渐增加到第16期的2537人。学员参与人数最多和收获最大的主题均为应用解剖和影像学、甲状腺相关眼病、泪道疾病。通过调查问卷发现：75.4%(95/126)的学员认为所学内容对今后的临床工作具有非常大的作用；84.1%(106/126)的学员应用所学的知识改进了日常临床工作；96.0%(121/126)的学员愿意参加中山眼科中心举办的线下实操的眼鼻相关解剖学习班。对于所学知识在今后临床工作的作用，副主任医师和主治医师认为“非常有用”的比例明显高于主任医师。在是否将所学知识应用于日常临床工作方面，副主任医师和主治医师认为“是”的比例明显高于主任医师和住院医师。参与6~16次论坛的学员，培训效果明显优于参与1~5次的学员。结论：眼鼻相关疾病·内镜微创领域在眼科和鼻科领域关注度日益提升。“中山眼鼻相关疾病·内镜论坛”有助于学员理论知识的扩展和提升，对眼鼻相关疾病医生的日常临床工作具有很好的作用，主治医师和副主任医师职称的学员培训效果更好，参与论坛次数多的学员培训效果更好。

Objective: To assess the training effects of “Zhongshan Eye and Nose Related Diseases and Endoscopy Forums” and its influencing factors, propose targeted suggestions for training focus and teaching methods, and improve the teaching quality. Methods: Statistics of live broadcast platform data and custom-designed questionnaires were used to inquire the participants enrolled in the 16 sessions of “Zhongshan Eye and Nose Related Diseases and Endoscopy Forums” from June 2020 to May 2022 for their feedbacks on training effects. The influence of their professions, titles, regions and other factors on the training effects was analyzed. Results: A total of 7 899 participants were enrolled in “Zhongshan Eye and Nose Related Diseases and Endoscopy Forums”, and the total live broadcast person-time was 27 634. Associate senior doctors (30.2%, 2 382) and attending doctors (32.9%, 2 597) accounted for the largest proportion. The number of participants gradually increased from 269 in the first session to 2 537 in the 16th. The topics with the largest number of participants and the greatest gains were applied anatomy and imaging, thyroid associated ophthalmopathy, and lacrimal duct diseases. Through the questionnaire study, 75.4% (95/126) of the participants thought that what they had learned in the forums was very important for their future clinical work; 84.1% (106/126) of the participants applied the knowledge to improve their daily clinical work; 96.0% (121/126) of the participants were willing to participate in the offline practice of eye and nose anatomy classes held by Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center. In terms of the role of the learned knowledge in the future clinical work, the proportion of associate senior doctors and attending doctors who thought "very useful" was significantly higher than that of senior doctors. In terms of whether to apply the knowledge learned to daily clinical work, the proportion of associate senior doctors and attending doctors thinking “yes” was significantly higher than that of senior doctors and residents. Participants who participated in 6–16 sessions had significantly better training results than those who participated in 1–5 sessions. Conclusion: Eye and nose related diseases are attracting increasing attention in ophthalmology and rhinology. “Zhongshan Eye and Nose Related Diseases and Endoscopy Forums” are conducive to the expansion and improvement of participants’ theoretical knowledge, and plays a good role in the daily clinical work of doctors with eye and nose related diseases. The training effect of attending doctors and associate senior doctors is better, and the training effect of participants who participate in the forum more times is better.

鼻内镜外科技术延伸到鼻眼相关疾病的诊断和治疗已经有二十余年的历史。随着鼻眼相关解剖研究、影像诊断技术和手术器械的进步和手术临床经验的积累，大量临床和基础研究不断涌现，逐渐形成了相对成熟的内镜鼻眼相关外科理论与实践体系。本文概述了内镜鼻眼相关外科的发展现状，对几种主要手术提供经验总结并提出展望。

Nasal endoscopic surgery technology has gradually developed and involved into the diagnosis and treatment of nose-eye related disease for more than 20 years. With the improvement of anatomical studies on nose-eye, imaging diagnostic technology and surgical instruments, the accumulation of surgical clinical experience, as well as the increasing emergence of a large number of clinical and basic studies on endoscopic rhino-orbital related surgery, a well-established theoretical and practical system of endoscopic nose-eye surgery has gradually been formed. This article summarized the development of endoscopic rhino-orbital surgery, and the advantages and limitations of several major surgical methods. Also, the further research was prospected.