Novel Technique
The whole lacrimal passage intubation is widely used in lacrimal surgery. However, one of the most typical complications is the prolapse of the silicone tube from the medial canthus. In case, the bicanalicular silicone tube afterwhole lacrimal duct intubation has completely prolapsed from the medial canthus before extubation, then cannot be found in the opening of the nasolacrimal duct, and it would be a challenge to reposition or removal. A novel approach to employ a modified suture-probe and silk thread traction technique has been developed, and it is not only safe and effective, but also cost-effective.
Objective: To compare the changes in corneal densitometry (CD) in patients following TransPRK, SMILE, and FS-LASIK surgeries in the early postoperative period.
Methods: A retrospective controlled study was conducted to collect data from the right eyes of 205 patients who underwent refractive laser surgery from January 2020 to June 2023, including 76 eyes for TransPRK, 66 eyes for SMILE, and 63 eyes for FS-LASIK. Pentacam was used to measure corneal densitometry (CD) preoperatively, one month postoperatively, and three months postoperatively. Repeated measures analysis of variance was applied to compare the differences in CD values across three different layers (anterior, middle, and posterior) and three diameter ranges (0-2mm, 2-6mm, and 6-10mm).
Results: In the TransPRK group, there was a significant increase in CD values in the anterior layer (2-6mm) and middle layer (0-2mm) one month postoperatively compared to preoperative values (both p < 0.001). Additionally, the CD in the middle layer (0-2mm) was higher than that in the FS-LASIK group (p = 0.012). At three months postoperatively, the CD values in the middle and posterior layers (0-2mm and 2-6mm) were significantly increased compared to preoperative values (both p < 0.01). Notably, the CD in the middle layer (0-2mm) was higher than that in the other two surgical groups (both p < 0.01), and the CD in the posterior layer (0-2mm) was higher than that in the FS-LASIK group (p = 0.025). In the SMILE group, there was an increase in CD values in the anterior layer (2-6mm) and middle layer (0-2mm and 2-6mm) one month postoperatively compared to preoperative values (all p < 0.05). In the FS-LASIK group, there was a significant increase in CD values in the full range of the anterior layer and the middle layer (2-6mm) three months postoperatively (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion: TransPRK has a significant impact on the CD in the middle layer (0-2mm) of the cornea, necessitating enhanced management in the early postoperative period. The CD value in the middle layer (0-2mm) can serve as a sensitive indicator for observing changes in corneal transparency following surgery.
Degenerative entropion is a common and frequent ocular disease, which is mainly related to the horizontal and vertical relaxation of the eyelids after aging and the riding of the orbicularis oculi muscle in front of the orbital diaphragm. According to its pathogenesis, the surgical method of degenerative entropion is mainly designed based on orbicularis oculi, tarsus and lower palpebral retractor muscle. In order to provide reference for the rational selection of surgical methods, this paper reviews the various surgical treatment methods of involutional entropion in recent years in monographs and literatures.
Objective:Clinical analysis of endophthalmitis after 23G/25G minimally invasive vitrectomy. Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with endophthalmitis (except patients with open eye trauma) after minimally invasive vitreous surgery in our hospital from June 2014 to May 2023.Results: 8955 patients in this study, and 11 cases of endophthalmitis occurred in the eyes after minimally invasive vitrectomy, the incidence rate was 0.12%. The average age was 60.8±7.6 years, and 5 patients (45.4%) were complicated with diabetes ; the composition of primary eye diseases: 7 cases (63.6%) of macular disease, 3 cases (27.3%) of vitreous hemorrhage, 1 case (9.1%) of retinal detachment; During the operation, 3 cases (27.3%) underwent cataract surgery; After the operation ,the vitreous cavity of 8 cases (72.7%) were filled with sterule air,the other 3patients (27.3%) filled with equilibrium liquid,and sclera puncture incision was not sutured in all patients; 3 cases (27.3%) had low intraocular pressure after operation. The time for endophthalmitis after operation was 2.8±1.1day. Eleven patients had poor inflammation control after local and systemic anti-inflammatory treatments. They all underwent vitrectomy combined with intraoperative injection of vancomycin solution. Among the 9 patients,the vitreous cavity was filled with silicone oil after the operation. After the operation, the endophthalmitis was controlled and final correctd visual acuity of 10 patients improved. Conclusion: Minimally invasive vitrectomy and suture-free scleral incision may be a potential way for pathogenic microorganisms to invade the eye and cause endophthalmitis. Particular attention should be paid to the "wick effect" at the scleral incision caused by vitrectomy in macular surgery, which may be one of the risk factors for postoperative endophthalmitis.
Objective: To explore a non-invasive and smart device for monitoring quantitative visual behavior of school-age children, and to analyze quantitatively the correlation between visual behavior and myopia. Method: One hundred and seventy-one subjects aged 7-11 years old were recruited from the third grade of Shiwan Second Primary School and the fifth grade of Shicheng Middle School in Chan cheng District, Foshan City. All participants were divided into myopia group (108 subjects) and non myopia (63 subjects) group based on the results of non ciliary muscle paralysis optometry, and wear devices “clips” (Hangzhou Jingzhijing Company). All participants near-work distant, near-work time, near-work light and time spent in outdoor activities from September 21, 2020 to October 10, 2020 were recorded.
The study compare the differences in these habits between the myopia group and the non myopia group, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the impacts of habitual eye and myopia.
Result: The prevalence of myopia was 63.2%. There were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the myopic group and the non myopic group in terms of average daily near-work time, average single near-work time, average near-work distance, average near-work light at the day, average near-work light at night, average daily outdoor activity time, and average daily effective outdoor activity exposure. Logistic regression analysis results show that longer average single near-work time and longer average daily near-work time were risk factors for myopia. Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the average single near-work time and average daily near-work time were positively correlated with the occurrence of myopia (P<0.05). The area under the curve for predicting myopia occurrence by combining average single near-work time and average daily near-work time was 0.939.
Conclusion: The wearable device “Cloud clip” can be used to quantitatively monitor visual behavior of school-age children.
The occurrence of myopia in school-age children may be related to the increase of near-work; The predictive model combined myopia children's refractive development can be evaluate the quantitative risk of myopia. The school-age children can be classified and managed, Personalized interventions could be a protective factor for myopia.
Objective: To explore a non-invasive and smart device for monitoring quantitative visual behavior of school-age children, and to analyze quantitatively the correlation between visual behavior and myopia. Method: One hundred and seventy-one subjects aged 7-11 years old were recruited from the third grade of Shiwan Second Primary School and the fifth grade of Shicheng Middle School in Chan cheng District, Foshan City. All participants were divided into myopia group (108 subjects) and non myopia (63 subjects) group based on the results of non ciliary muscle paralysis optometry, and wear devices “clips” (Hangzhou Jingzhijing Company). All participants near-work distant, near-work time, near-work light and time spent in outdoor activities from September 21, 2020 to October 10, 2020 were recorded.
The study compare the differences in these habits between the myopia group and the non myopia group, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the impacts of habitual eye and myopia.
Result: The prevalence of myopia was 63.2%. There were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the myopic group and the non myopic group in terms of average daily near-work time, average single near-work time, average near-work distance, average near-work light at the day, average near-work light at night, average daily outdoor activity time, and average daily effective outdoor activity exposure. Logistic regression analysis results show that longer average single near-work time and longer average daily near-work time were risk factors for myopia. Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the average single near-work time and average daily near-work time were positively correlated with the occurrence of myopia (P<0.05). The area under the curve for predicting myopia occurrence by combining average single near-work time and average daily near-work time was 0.939.
Conclusion: The wearable device “Cloud clip” can be used to quantitatively monitor visual behavior of school-age children.
The occurrence of myopia in school-age children may be related to the increase of near-work; The predictive model combined myopia children's refractive development can be evaluate the quantitative risk of myopia. The school-age children can be classified and managed, Personalized interventions could be a protective factor for myopia.
Vision is the basis of normal human life activities and 80% of information is acquired through vision. Eye diseases often lead to impaired vision or even blindness, severely affecting the quality of life. As the molecular mechanism is unclear, therapeutic outcomes for various blindness-causing eye diseases remain suboptimal. Over the past decade, the development of single-cell genomics technology has made it possible to obtain multi-dimensional information on genomes, epigenomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes of tissues and organs at the single-cell level, providing a powerful tool to study the molecular mechanisms of eye diseases and facilitate their precision diagnosis. Meanwhile, single-cell genomics technology has also been applied to drug discovery and screening, which is expected to change the situation of traditional drug development that is costly [1], time-consuming [2], and has a high failure rate. In this review, we describe the cutting-edge advances in single-cell omics technology and its applications in precision diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases and in drug discovery and screening.
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common ocular complications in patients with Diabetes (DM) and one of the four major blinding diseases around the world. However, the pathogenesis of DR Is complicated and unclear, so it is difficult to predict the progression time and probability of DR Disease. Markov chain model is a mathematical model that can be used to simulate the development and change process of diseases and predict the trend and prognosis of diseases. In the field of ophthalmology, Markov chain model can predict the development of diabetic retinopathy and provide new ideas for clinical practice. This will help doctors better understand the development law of DR, predict the change of patients' condition, evaluate the effect of intervention measures, formulate more reasonable screening and intervention programs, improve the treatment effect, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve the prevention and control efficiency of chronic diseases. In the future, Markov chain model is expected to provide more accurate scientific basis for the field of ophthalmology, help doctors predict and manage the condition of DR Patients, provide personalized treatment for patients, and maximize the protection of vision and quality of life.
Abstract:Objective: To explore the potential causal relationship between osteoarthritis and glaucoma using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Based on the summary data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) highly associated with osteoarthritis and glaucoma were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method, supplemented by the weighted median estimation model (weighted median), the weighted model-based method (weighted mode), the MR-Egger regression model, and the simple mode (SM) method. F statistics, Cochran Q test, MR Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO test, leave one out (LOO) sensitivity analysis were performed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect indicators to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between osteoarthritis and glaucoma. Results: The IVW results showed that osteoarthritis increased the risk of glaucoma (OR=1.10, 95%CI= 1.00~1.20). The results of MR Egger, SM, weighted mode, and weighted median also showed the same causal direction but were not statistically significant. In the reverse MR analysis, IVW analysis showed no evidence that glaucoma increased the risk of osteoarthritis (OR=1.02, 95%CI= 0.97~1.08). Similarly, MR Egger, SM, weighted mode, and weighted median did not find a causal association between the two. The F values of the instrumental variables were all greater than 10, indicating no weak instrumental variable. The Cochran Q test, MR Egger intercept test, and MR-PRESSO test showed no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among the instrumental variables. The reverse MR analysis showed heterogeneity in the Cochran Q test but no horizontal pleiotropy. LOO analysis showed that no single SNP had a significant impact on the overall results. Conclusion: There is a positive causal association between osteoarthritis and glaucoma, and osteoarthritis increases the risk of glaucoma. Reverse MR suggests that there is no causal relationship between glaucoma and osteoarthritis.
