目的：调查干眼在郑州市机关工作者中的患病情况，分析相关危险因素，为有效防治干眼提供科学依据。方法：选取2019年9月到2020年9月在郑州大学第一附属医院体检的郑州市机关工作者873例。采用自行设计的一般资料问卷和OCULUS Jenvis-OSDI干眼问卷进行调查，记录评分结果，同时检查记录裂隙灯、角膜荧光素染色评分(corneal fluorescein staining score，FL)、基础泪液分泌实验(Schimier I test，SIT)、泪膜破裂时间(tear break-up time，BUT)测定结果。统计分析机关工作者干眼患病率与危险因素。结果：体检的873例郑州市机关工作者中360例诊断为干眼，干眼总患病率为41.24%，女性患病率(44.62%)明显高于男性(36.26%)，差异有统计学意义(P=0.014)。干眼问卷OSDI评分与FL评分呈正相关，BUT与SIT呈正相关，OSDI(和FL评分)与BUT(和SIT)呈负相关。Logistics多因素分析表明：干眼家族史、绝经、曾行眼部手术、滴眼液使用情况、长时间佩戴角膜接触镜、长时间操作视频终端、睡眠不足、糖尿病史是机关工作者干眼患病的危险因素(均P<0.05)，而饮酒是保护因素(P=0.001)。结论：机关工作者干眼患病率较高，危险因素囊括家族患干眼史、绝经、曾行眼部手术、滴眼液使用情况、长时间佩戴角膜接触镜、长时间操作视频终端、睡眠不足、糖尿病病史。加强干眼防治的宣传教育，针对不同危险因素提供眼健康指导并进行防控治疗，保护机关工作者的眼健康。

Objective: To investigate and analyze the prevalence of dry eyes in Zhengzhou office workers, and identify the related risk factors in order to provide evidence for effective prevention and treatment. Methods: We selected 873 cases of Zhengzhou office workers who had checkup in our hospital from September 2019 to September 2020 as the research subjects. They were investigated with self-designed general information questionnaire and OCULUS Jenvis-OSDI dry eye questionnaire and scores of the questionnaires will be assessed. At the same time,they underwent dry-eye-related inspections such as slit lamp examination, corneal fluorescein staining score (FL), Schimier I test (SIT) and tear break-up time (BUT) assessment. The prevalence and risk factors of dry eyes in these office workers were statistically analyzed. Results: Among 873 Zhengzhou office workers, 360 cases were diagnosed as dry eyes, and the total prevalence of dry eye was 41.24%. The female prevalence rate was 44.62%, which was significantly higher than that of male (36.26%, P=0.014). OSDI scores and FL scores were positively correlation as well as BUT and SIT, while OSDI (and FL) and BUT (and SIT) were negatively correlation. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that dry eyes family history, menopause, ocular surgery history, eye drops using, long time corneal contact lenses wearing, long time video terminal operating, lack of sleep and diabetes history were independent risk factors in office workers’ dry eye disease (all P<0.05), while drinking was protective factor (P=0.001). Conclusion: The dry eyes prevalence is high among office workers. The risk factors include dry eye family history, menopause, ocular surgery history, eye drops using, long time corneal contact lenses wearing, long time video terminal operating, lack of sleep and diabetes history. We should strengthen the publicity and education of the dry eye prevention and treatment, provide eye health guidance, prevention and treatment according to different risk factors, and protect the office workers’ eye health.

目的：探索白内障术眼低视力的原因。方法：对2011年10月至2013年3月在汕头国际眼科中心行白内障手术，术前无法窥清眼底，术后1周最佳矫正视力<0.3的患者进行视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压测量、裂隙灯检查、眼底镜检查、眼底照相及光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography，OCT)，若未发现任何视网膜器质性病变，再进行视觉诱发电位检查及视野检查。由2位医生对检查结果进行分析，对不同的眼底病变做出诊断，统计分析白内障术眼低视力的原因。结果：共纳入行白内障手术患者5 608例，术后1周最佳矫正视力<0.3的患者共49例(共49眼)，其中男20例，女29例，右眼31只，左眼18只，年龄(69.11±12.05)岁。白内障术后低视力比例为0.87%。其中高度近视性脉络膜视网膜病变12例(24.5%)，椭圆体带连续性破坏10例(20.4%)，糖尿病性视网膜病变8例(16.3%)，黄斑孔5例(10.2%)，老年性黄斑变性4例(8.1%)，黄斑前膜3例(6.1%)，黄斑区视网膜厚度变薄1例(2.0%)，视网膜色素变性1例(2.0%)，视网膜劈裂症1例(2.0%)，视网膜分支动脉阻塞1例(2.0%)，白塞氏病1例(2.0%)，缺血性视神经病变1例(2.0%)，视网膜前膜1例(2.0%)。结论：在本组白内障术眼低视力的患者中，高度近视性脉络膜视网膜病变占主要部分，为24.5%，其次分别为椭圆体带连续性破坏、糖尿病性视网膜病变、黄斑孔、老年性黄斑变性和黄斑前膜。利用OCT可发现影响白内障术后视力的细微视网膜结构变化，对于白内障术前眼底可见的患者常规行OCT有利于判断手术预后，便于医患沟通，提高手术满意度。

Objective: To explore the causes of low vision after cataract surgery. Methods: Patients who underwent cataract surgery at Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese university of Hong Kong ( JSIEC) from October 2011 to March 2013, whose fundus status could not be seen before surgery, and the best corrected visual acuity <0.3 in the first week after surgery, underwent a series of detailed ocular examinations, including visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit-lamp examination, fundus examination, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography. If no organic lesions of the retina were found, then visual evoked potential examination and visual field examination were performed. Two doctors analyzed the examination results of the examination, made the diagnosis of different fundus diseases, and statistically analyzed the causes of low vision after cataract surgery. Results: A total of 5 608 cataract surgeries were performed in our hospital from October 2011 to March 2013. A total of 49 patients (49 eyes) with best corrected visual acuity worse than 0.3 within postoperative 1 week 20 male and 29 female, 31 right eyes and 18 left eyes, aged (69.11±12.05) years on average. The proportion of low vision after cataract surgery was 0.87%. 12 cases (24.5%) of high myopic chorioretinopathy, 10 cases (20.4%) of ellipsoidal band defect, 8 cases (16.3%) of diabetic retinopathy, 5 cases (10.2%) of macular holes, 4 cases (8.1%) of age-related macular degeneration, 3 cases (6.1%) of macular epiretinal membrane, 1 case (2.0%) of thinning macular retinal thickness, 1 case (2.0%) of retinitis pigmentosa, 1 case of retinoschisis (2.0%), 1 case of branch retinal artery occlusion (2.0%), 1 case of Behcet’s disease (2.0%), and 1 case of ischemic optic neuropathy (2.0%), 1 case of epiretinal membrane (2.0%). Conclusion: Among patients with low vision after cataract surgery, high myopic chorioretinopathy accounts for 24.5%, followed by ellipsoidal band defect, diabetic retinopathy, macular hole, age-related macular degeneration, and macular epiretinal membrane. The use of optical coherence tomography can detect subtle microscopic retinal structural changes that affect vision after cataract surgery. For patients with visible fundus before cataract surgery, routine optical coherence tomography contributes to evaluating the prognosis of the operation, facilitating doctorpatient communication, and improving the degree of surgical satisfaction.

全科医生对个人及其家庭所提供的基本、连续性、综合性及整体性的医疗服务。全科医生要求具备更为“广博”的知识结构。那么如何在有限的培训期内更好地完成亚专科的培训并获得社区卫生服务中切实需要的临床技能及知识储备，是目前亟待解决的问题。基于社区卫生服务的基本特点，全科医生规范化培训中培训眼科学的相关内容，强调重视眼与全身疾病、眼科急症及全身药物的眼部损害等，有助于全科医生迅速、准确地发现和判断在社区医疗机构就诊的各类眼部急危重症患者，及时向专业眼科机构转诊，避免延误诊治，为后续专业的眼科治疗赢得宝贵时间，从而使全科医生更好地胜任社区居民健康“守门人”的工作。

General practitioners provide basic, continuous, comprehensive and holistic medical services to individuals and their families, which requires them to have a more “extensive” knowledge structure. However, within the limited training period, how to successfully complete subspecialty training and acquire the clinical skills and knowledge needed in community health services is an urgent problem which need to be explored. Based on the basic characteristics of community health service, the ophthalmology training of the standardized training of general practitioners, focus on the eye and systemic diseases, ophthalmic emergency and side-effect of systemic drug on eye would help general practitioners rapidly and accurately find and diagnose all kinds of serious emergent ophthalmologic diseases, and then refer to professional eye institutions in time, which avoid delay in diagnosis and treatment and save more valuable time for subsequent professional treatment. It would make the general practitioners become good healthy gatekeepers for the local community residents.

随着科学技术的提高、手术方式的改进，角膜屈光手术成为治疗近视的主要方式。角膜屈光手术后角膜形态及生物力学的变化对于尽早发现术后相关并发症及术后长期稳定性具有重要意义，不同的术式及术后不同的恢复阶段角膜表面非球面参数及生物力学指标的变化存在一定差异，明确其变化的原因及机制可对临床研究提供一定的参考。

With the improvement of science and technology and the improvement of surgical methods, corneal refractive surgery has become the main way to treat myopia. The changes of corneal morphology and biomechanics after corneal refractive surgery are of great significance for early detection of postoperative complications and also affect the long-term stability after corneal refractive surgery. There are some differences in the changes of aspheric parameters and biomechanical properties in different surgical procedures and different postoperative recovery stages. Clarifying the reasons and mechanisms of these changes can provide some reference for clinical research.

纳入126名中山大学临床医学五年制4年级学生，对其接受为期1周的直接检眼镜见习教学后，进行问卷调查，了解学生对直接检眼镜学教学的看法以及学习过程中的操作难点。结果显示大部分学生认为直接检眼镜对临床工作有重要作用。但学生普遍反映学习过程难度大，师生视野无法共享，进而阻碍了师生直接的教学沟通。多数学生愿意接受更进一步的直接检眼镜教学。

A total of 126 senior of 5-year clinical medicine students in Sun Yat-sen University were recruited. After 1-week internship and direct ophthalmoscope training, a questionnaire survey was conducted to scrutinize students’ feedback about the training methods and learning difficulties during the internship. The results showed that most students thought that the direct ophthalmoscope played an important role in clinical work. However, students generally felt complicated and hard during the learning process due to the communication obstacle between teachers and students caused by the unavailability of vision sharing. In spite of this, most students are still willing to accept further direct ophthalmoscopy training.

患者因“左眼视物模糊2 0余年”就诊，2 0余年前曾行左眼小梁切除术，视力：右眼(oculus dexter，OD)无光感(no light perception，NLP)，左眼(oculus sinister，OS)光感(light perception，LP)光定位准确，右眼巩膜葡萄肿(鼻上)，前房浅约1/4 CT，瞳孔固定散大，晶状体脱位于玻璃体腔，左眼结膜上方滤过泡扁平，前房浅，约1/4 CT，虹膜层状分离漂浮于前房，上方虹膜切口引流通畅，C/D：0.4。眼压(intraocular pressure，IOP)示：右眼13.0 mmHg，左眼16.0 mmHg。超声生物显微(ultrasound biomicroscopy，UBM)示：右眼各象限前房角狭窄，晶体脱位；左眼前房浅，颞侧前房角狭窄，其余象限关闭，虹膜层状分离。B超示：右眼晶体脱离。诊断：左眼虹膜劈裂；右眼晶体脱位。

The patient was treated with ‘left eye blurred vision for more than 20 years’. The patient underwent left trabeculectomy more than 20 years ago. Visual acuity oculus dexter (OD): no light perception (NLP), oculus sinister (OS): light perception (LP), and light positioning was accurate, right eye scleral staphyloma (nose), the anterior chamber was approximately 1/4 CT, the pupil was fixed and scattered, the lens was displaced into the vitreous cavity, and the left eye conjunctiva was filtered. The blister was flat, the anterior chamber was shallow, about 1/4 CT, and the iris layer was separated and floated in the anterior chamber. The upper iris incision led to smooth flow, C/D: 0.4. Intraocular pressure (IOP): R 13.0 mmHg, L 16.0 mmHg. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM): in the right eye, anterior chamber angle was narrow in each quadrant, dislocation of the lens; anterior chamber of the left eye was shallow, anterior chamber angle of the temporal stenosis was narrow, the remaining quadrants were closed, iris lamellar separated. B-ultrasound: the right eye lens was displaced into the vitreous cavity. Diagnosis: left eye Iridoshcisis; right eye lens dislocation.

临床上内源性真菌性眼内炎比较少见，其早期临床表现因类似于葡萄膜炎等常见眼病常常被误诊。武汉爱尔眼科医院汉口医院收治了1例49岁女性患者，首诊为葡萄膜炎，后前房穿刺送检确诊为内源性念珠菌性眼内炎。

Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis is easy to be misdiagnosed because it is quite rare and early clinical features resembling uveitis. A 48-year-old female patient was admitted to Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital Hankou Hospital, her first diagnosis was uveitis, and the posterior anterior chamber puncture was confirmed as endogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori，H P)感染是中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinopathy，CSC)的一个危险因素，但是在HP感染和CSC相关性的研究仍存在争议，目前有两种观点：一是认为HP感染可能是CSC的一个危险因素，二是认为两者之间并没有相关性。本文将就对HP感染是否为CSC危险因素文献进行综述，同时探讨其发病机制。

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a risk factor for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). But the existing studies tend to support two distinctively different trends regarding the link between HP infection and CSC. The first group tend to support that: HP infection may be a risk of CSC, and the second tend to claim to no correlation between the two. This paper will review the literature on whether HP infection is a risk factor for CSC and discuss its pathogenesis.

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy，DR)在糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy，DN)人群，特别是终末期糖尿病肾病(end stage diabetic nephropathy，ESRD)患者中的发病率和严重程度明显高于糖尿病人群。其中ESRD的一项重要治疗手段——血液透析(Hemodialysis，HD)可能会增加机体氧化应激反应、出血风险以及视神经的缺血缺氧，加重DR的发生发展；但另一方面也可通过清除尿毒症毒素、控制血压以及清除多余体液等途径改善糖尿病和DN对眼部的损伤。

The incidence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), especially those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), were higher than those with diabetes. Hemodialysis (HD), an important treatment of ESRD, may aggravate DR by increasing the oxidative stress, fundus hemorrhage and hypoxia of the optic nerve. On the other hand, HD can improve the ocular damage caused by diabetes mellitus and DN by removing uremia toxin, controlling blood pressure and removing excess body fluid.

随着亚太眼科学会(Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology，APAO)永久会址和秘书处落户在中山大学中山眼科中心珠江新城院区眼科学国家重点实验室大楼(中国广州)，在大数据时代背景下，建设先进的亚太级眼科学科学数据中心已成为亚太眼科创新战略发展的需要。通过建设科学数据中心，一方面缓解眼科学国家重点实验室项目科研数据增长压力，一方面为眼科大数据与人工智能等新兴科研项目开展提供保障平台，为亚太眼科学科建设打下坚实的数据基础。科学数据中心设计建设遵照国家《科学数据管理办法》实施，以加强和规范科学数据管理，保障科学数据安全，提高开放共享水平，更好支撑国家科技创新、经济社会发展和符合国家信息安全建设方针。

As the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology (APAO) secretariat permanently located in the building of State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology (Guangzhou, China). In big data time, it’s a problem for the development of the Asia-pacific ophthalmology innovation strategy to construct the Asia-pacific science data center of ophthalmology. Through the construction of science data center, alleviate the pressure of the state key laboratory of ophthalmology data growth, for big data and new research fields such as artificial intelligence to provide guarantee, provided a basis for the Asia-pacific eye subject construction. Science data center construction in accordance with national “scientific data management method”, to strengthen and standardize the scientific data management, to ensure the safety of scientific data, improve the level of open sharing, better support scientific and technological innovation, economic and social development and national security as a policy.