Letter to the Editor

Multimodal imaging in best vitelliform macular dystrophy

2019,4(9):-
Enrico Borrelli,Riccardo Sacconi,Francesco Bandello,Giuseppe Querques
Letter to the Editor

Answer: vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration

2019,4(6):-
Alessandro Arrigo,Maurizio Battaglia Parodi,Francesco Bandello
Case Report

Optical coherence tomography findings in a case of cilioretinal artery occlusion reversal, treated with mannitol and carbogen administration

2019,4(3):-
Panayiotis Christodoulou,Ioannis Katsimpris

Abstract: To present spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings during treatment in a case of acute isolated cilioretinal artery occlusion (CLRAO) reversed with intravenous systemic administration of mannitol and carbogen inhalation. Close monitoring with OCT thickness topographic map and cross section scans, every 12 hours, during treatment and till complete reversal of retinal nerve fiber layer edema. Fundus photography and fluorescein angiography (FFA) were used to illustrate occlusion and recanalization. After 72 hours of therapy, visual acuity improved from counting fingers (CF) to 7/10, Snellen’s chart. Consecutively OCT scans showed that the initial macular edema was gradually restored to typical 72 hours of treatment initiation. FFA performed after treatment confirmed recanalization of the cilioretinal artery. Early intervention with the combined intravenous administration of mannitol and carbogen inhalation can reverse acute onset loss of vision due to CLRAO. The reflectivity of retinal layers differs significantly regarding stages of acute CLRAO. In our case report increased reflectivity of the innermost layers of the retina was illustrated and a corresponding reduction in the outer retina and the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris layers. Macular thickness follow-up data recorded the course of intracellular edema to normal.

Editorial

Vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration

2019,4(1):-
Enrico Borrelli,Pasquale Viggiano,Rodolfo Mastropasqua
Editorial
Original Article

Anterior and posterior segment structural features of acute primary angle-closure eyes: date based on AS-OCT and SS-OCT

2020,5(4):-
Wenbin Huang,2,Xingyi Li,Xinbo Gao,Xiulan Zhang

Background: To measure the anterior and posterior segment structural features of acute primary angle-closure (APAC) eyes.

Methods: A total of 36 subjects with unilateral APAC were recruited in this study. The ocular biometric characteristics were measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), respectively at baseline, 2 weeks, and 1 month after surgical intervention.

Results: At baseline, when compared with the fellow eyes, APAC-affected eyes showed significantly greater corneal thickness (P=0.004), shallower anterior chamber depth (ACD) (P<0.001), smaller anterior chamber area (ACA) (P=0.013), angle opening distance at 750 μm from the scleral spur (AOD750) (P=0.002), trabecular–iris space area at 750 μm from the scleral spur (TISA750) (P=0.033), angle recess area (ARA) (P=0.014), and iris area (IARE) (P=0.003), less iris curvature (ICURVE) (P=0.003), and larger lens vault (LV) (P=0.030). After intervention, the corneal thickness was significantly decreased at 1 month (P<0.001), while ACD, ACA, and AOD750 were significantly increased at 2 weeks and 1 month (all P<0.017). Changes in ACD were correlated with decreasing LV (P<0.05). The posterior segment parameters did not change over the 4-week period.

Conclusions: When compared with the fellow eyes, APAC-affected eyes had greater corneal thickness, shallower anterior chamber, narrower angle, less ICURVE, and larger LV. After intervention, the corneal thickness was decreased, while the shallower anterior chamber was relieved to some extent.

Original Article

Microstructural features of parapapillary gamma zone and beta zone in non-myopic eyes

2020,5(4):-
Kunte Shang,2,Dongli Zhuang,Yi Dai

Background: To investigate the microstructural features of parapapillary gamma zone and beta zone and their relationship with three-dimensional optic disc shape in non-myopic eyes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 62 non-myopic eyes with parapapillary gamma or beta zone and 70 control eyes. On the spectral domain optical coherent tomography (SD-OCT) images, we measured the area of gamma zone and beta zone, the length of border tissue, and related disc parameters. The disc ovality index, disc rotation degrees around three axes, Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) ovality ratio were calculated based on the SD-OCT images.

Results: The parapapillary gamma zone composed by externally oblique border tissue was found in inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants of the non-myopic eyes. The presence of gamma zone in non-myopic eyes was correlated with smaller disc ovality index, larger rotation degree around vertical and horizontal axes, and larger BMO ovality ratio (P<0.001). Compared with the non-temporal gamma zone group, eyes with temporal gamma zone had a longer axial length and rotated more around vertical axes (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the area of gamma zone was correlated with the disc ovality index (P<0.001). The presence and area of beta zone was correlated with age (P<0.01).

Conclusions: In non-myopic eyes, the parapapillary gamma zone composed by external oblique border tissue was significantly associated with the disc ovality and disc rotations around vertical and horizontal axes. From a biomechanical perspective, parapapillary gamma zone may contribute to the optic disc stability in association with the structure of BMO.

Editorial Commentary

Assessment of angle width using anterior segment optical coherence tomography

2020,5(4):-
Srinivasan Kavitha,Nazlee Zebardast,Rengaraj Venkatesh
Review Article

Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune retinopathy

2020,5(3):-
Henry Lin,David Dao,H. Nida Sen

Abstract: Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) refers to both paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic forms of a rare, acquired retinal degeneration thought to be mediated by the production of antiretinal antibodies. However, the mechanisms underlying AIR pathogenesis are incompletely understood, and it remains a diagnosis of exclusion given the lack of definitive testing as well as its protean clinical presentation. This review summarizes the current literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of AIR, with a focus on non-paraneoplastic disease and the potential role of immunomodulatory therapy. A recent expert consensus statement on diagnosis and management of non-paraneoplastic AIR served as a framework for interpreting the limited data available, a process that was complicated by the small sample sizes, heterogeneity, and retrospective nature of these studies. Additional work is needed to characterize AIR patients on the basis of cytokine and immunogenetic profiling; to establish the pathogenicity of antiretinal antibodies; and to standardize treatment regimens as well as assessment of clinical outcomes.

Letter to the Editor
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    Executive director:Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
    Host: Sun Yat-sen University
    Undertake: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University
    Editors-in-Chief: 林浩添
    Executive director:Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
    Host: Sun Yat-sen University
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  • Eye Science

    Executive director:Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
    Host: Sun Yat-sen University
    Undertake: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University
    Editors-in-Chief: 林浩添
    Executive director:Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
    Host: Sun Yat-sen University
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